Decontamination and Risk Reduction

Important information on Decontamination Benefits and Failures You Must Read This

Whatever your symptoms and diagnosis, there is now a clear health issue that the World Health Organisation recognise as an epidemic with a focus on mould called the Great Masquerade of the 21st Century because so many illnesses are misdiagnosed. Our homes may be responsible for “Building-related illness”, the full extent of which is currently unknown, with VOCs, bacteria and water damage known triggers. The medical diagnosis may be varied and often disputed by conventional medicine but increasing evidence points to inflammatory response. (Download description) Inflammatory response is where the human body overreacts to triggers and ends with a multitude of possible symptoms from Chronic fatigue to Brain fog and possibly cancer and Alzheimer’s. The level, extent and source of exposure coupled to your personal vulnerabilities or immune response are factors, but synergy between all inflammagens is unlikely to ever see deliverable standards of clearance to suit all. This makes clearance levels impossible to ever achieve and cost will always be a major factor in how effective or beneficial any decontamination can be. This is why we offer three distinct options or will tailor requirements in discussion with you or your healthcare professional.

Decontamination and Risk reduction objectives

This method can be used to improve the environment by reducing biological activity normally essential post water damage event or after remediation. It should not be confused with detailed decontamination although is generally but mistakenly seen as the industry standard method of mould removal. Although of some benefit to those suffering mould illness, it is not a recommended method and does not remove the greatest risks and hazards of inflammagens .

The process

Note: The protective film is estimated by manufacturers to last up to 90 days but can last much longer depending on environmental conditions

Finance available for decontamination and treatment by healthcare professional

Internationally accepted standard of mould remediation

This method of mould removal is internationally established and accepted in ISO standards as the measurable and achievable target. The standard reflects the requirement for 80% of the population when exposed to mould and associated health effects, however, it may not provide satisfactory results for 20% of the population with the specific HLA gene vulnerability who typically may have been diagnosed with CIRS.

NOTE. Those with HLA gene vulnerability may see little or no benefit with this protocol.

The aim of this standard is to achieve normal environmental conditions where biological activity is halted and removed or reduced to levels found in the normal environment. These are measurable results which comply to IICRC S520 Condition 1. Condition 1 does not accommodate the identification or removal of most significant health risks of dead and non-viable mould spores or bacteria which can trigger CIRS and greatly influence treatment of those with HLA gene vulnerability. Building Forensics can assist the client by providing some or all of the components in this protocol and of course provide third party clearance if requested.

Payment plans for Health care and Decontamination

Building Forensics can introduce our clients to both healthcare professionals and payment plans to cover treatment and decontamination.

Payment plans for decontamination and treatment by Healthcare professionals

This is the only protocol likely to benefit to clients who have been diagnosed with CIRS or any form of Inflammatory response. This process is designed to remove or reduce inflammagens and triggers which may have caused or be assumed to be responsible for or aggravating medical conditions including CIRS, Alzheimer’s, Parkinsons, MS etc. It may be beneficial if we discuss objectives and targets with your medical team. This protocol of risk reduction targets not only active and viable mould and bacteria but also non-viable, dormant and hyphal fragments and chemical VOCs. This method requires a pre action survey to identify risk areas and hazards present to focus on correct actions. We can introduce you to a finance plan which can also include medical treatment and decontamination costs if required.

Some clients cannot leave or vacate the property and may be chemically sensitised. For these special clients we offer a sanitation service which is both beneficial and low risk and economical. The process is a dry fog produced by a patented applicator machine that provides what is recognised as the safest of all decontamination protocols. The chemical used is produced in the human body which uses it to attack bacterial and fungal infections. The property is misted with a very fine dry mist in a process which generally takes less than one hour and there is no requirement for PPE. Option 3 Medically Sound Decontamination Option 4 Chemically sensitive clients Lab results and data are provided to show this low-cost service is a real benefit in the right circumstances.

The major route of all mould illness is inhalation and small inflammatory fragments of mould and bacteria enter the blood stream through the lower respiratory system (alveoli)

The WHO state inhalation of mould and bacterial fragments increase dose by 40-fold. While the removal of surface mould and remediation of causation are recognised requirements to reduce exposure and health consequences, it must be recognised that mould and bacteria are airborne. While there is recognised risk of possible infection to those with compromised immune system, the highest risk affecting all, is inflammatory response, caused by the inhalation of sub-micron invisible particles. These particles can remain airborne for months because of buoyancy issues and are constantly inhaled. Science has shown standard methods of air cleaning are ineffective with data from HSE and in USA only one process is recognised as suitable for removing these quickly to enhance medically sound decontamination. Building Forensics are sole agents for this American protocol and can provide clean air in any building within hours. This process is available for all forms of air cleaning from soot to mould and even asbestos The process causes all airborne contamination to fall onto horizontal surfaces where it is locked in a temporary sacrificial film to prevent re aerosolisation as the process dries out (5 hours) This film will hold contamination for 4 days. It is the client’s responsibility to clean all surfaces with a specially written protocol using Vodka diluted 1 part to 7 with water and using a special cloth.

Mould illness, often referred to as Chronic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (CIRS), is typically triggered by exposure to inflammatory agents (inflammagens) such as mould, mycotoxins, and bacteria. These agents can bypass the body’s natural defences and enter directly into the bloodstream, potentially increasing the dose or exposure by up to 40-fold (Ref: WHO). While thousands of air quality standards exist worldwide, contractors conducting Post-Remediation Verification (PRV) tests following mould remediation often reference standards like IICRC S520, WHO, or occasionally HSE. However, none of these standards specifically address the unique needs of immunocompromised individuals. If you have a diagnosed mold illness or a compromised immune system, we offer medically sound remediation tailored to your needs

What is decontamination?

The term decontamination is generally used to describe the process of removing all substances present which can cause harm. Unfortunately, with water damage and mould, the contamination can include bacteria, chemicals mould spores, fragments mycotoxins and VOCS. In fact, there are over 30 specific contaminates likely to affect your health.(see our consensus document)

While some decontamination techniques would resolve all these issues, they can be at the top end of expensive protocols. Put simply, the higher the level of decontamination and evidence required, the more expensive it’s going to be.

The industry decontamination standard to medically sound requires fine particle cleaning of surfaces and air, is likely to cost five figures and almost certain to fail on its first clearance testing.

This contaminated wall was hidden and only exposed after our investigation

Risk reduction decontamination

From the forgoing it can be seen decontamination can be variable in terms of cost and end results. We provide the following extensive and some unique range of services designed to reduce exposure risks and hazards within your budget.

Why Air cleaning to reduce building related illness is imperative?

Contamination whether bacteria or mould which affect human health are found in three exposure forms, Parenteral (skin), ingestion (eating) or respiratory (breathing).While some ingestion and parenteral contamination is possible, inhaling contamination is far more likely and is possible the greatest risk. WHO state inhalation of mould spore fragments is perhaps 40 times more toxic because, and depending on particle size, can enter the blood stream through the lower respiratory system (alveoli). When people realise, they have been affected by mould they have rarely licked the mould or eaten it, leaving the 24/7 exposure risk of inhalation.It should be remembered opening up cavities or mould reservoirs can release billions of spores.Whatever form of surface cleaning is undertaken the air will still contain the inhalation risk of spores and fragments, VOCs, possible mycotoxins, hyphal fragments and of course bacteria.

What is Air Scrubbing?

This is a general term for cleaning air although there are several forms of “Air Scrubbing” which is the basis of risk reduction.

How sick you are?

This may mean we have to move from the lowest form of risk reduction to more complex multistage protocols.

What your budget is?

Cost is the determining factor in determining the most suitable action and will reflect the extent of works and services we provide, and this will of course reflect outcome.

If you have MCS (Multiple Chemical Sensitivity)

You are in a health position that may or may not be affected by our or indeed any form of works. We will only undertake works following full disclosure and at your risk.

Mould Decontamination (risk reduction)

This is a misnomer as mould is also associated with bacteria of differing types together with chemicals too. The environmental conditions required for mould growth sees bacteria growing first and these compete and act synergistically to affect health together with VOCs and chemicals such as Mycotoxins. These contaminates affect the air we breathe, surfaces and contents too. The following headings show how we resolve these issues.

1. Mechanical

This is normally provided by mechanical fans fitted with HEPA filters which trap the airborne contamination. The HSE have published a research paper which shows why this equipment has major shortfalls because all particles have different buoyancy and float at differing levels. Obviously if a collection device is located on the floor, it can’t capture particles floating higher above it, usually in the breathing zone .The HSE provide a detailed explanation of failures from Negative Pressure HEPA filer machines in their report RR988 http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrhtm/rr988.htmIn this paper the research found microscopic fragments float and remain airborne despite mechanical air cleaners operating, with fragments remaining in layers above the capture zone.

1. Mechanical

This is normally provided by mechanical fans fitted with HEPA filters which trap the airborne contamination. The HSE have published a research paper which shows why this equipment has major shortfalls because all particles have different buoyancy and float at differing levels. Obviously if a collection device is located on the floor, it can’t capture particles floating higher above it, usually in the breathing zone .The HSE provide a detailed explanation of failures from Negative Pressure HEPA filer machines in their report RR988 http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrhtm/rr988.htmIn this paper the research found microscopic fragments float and remain airborne despite mechanical air cleaners operating, with fragments remaining in layers above the capture zone.

2. Chemical neutralising

In this airborne chemical and biological contamination can be neutralised and de natured dramatically reducing inhalation risks. The chemical is atomised to submicron size where it penetrates or drill into mould particles to oxidise it. Very successful in badly contaminated properties and the chemical composition was developed by US military for WMD decontamination. All safety and efficacy data is available. In this process the empty property is sprayed with an aerosolisation of up to 400,000 microdroplets per cubic meter. A solution of Hydrogen Peroxide is electrostatically charged to drill into spores and fragments both oxidising and de naturing component parts. The property must remain unoccupied for 4 hours after treatment.Information on the product.

3. Chemical Bio Static

We use this protocol in homes that have been remediated and or, have limited health hazard presence from mould and or bacteria . The product manufactured by one of the world’s largest chemical suppliers is Hypoallergenic. Used by leading sports clothing manufacturers to prevent odour in garments and shoes it provides long lasting mechanical defence on surfaces after its major sanitation action by electrostatic actionThe chemical is electrostatically attracted to airborne particles and walls where it remains providing non chemical bio defenceSuccessfully tested against most known moulds and bacteria and all safety and efficacy data is availableThe property must remain unoccupied for 3 hours after treatment.
The defensive invisible film can last up to 2 years although laboratory confirmation only states 90 days.
  • Aspergillus niger
  • Mucor sp.
  • Aspergillus fumigatus
  • Tricophyton mentagrophytes
  • Aspergillus versicolor
  • Tricophyton interdigitalie
  • Aspergillus flavus
  • Trichoderma flavus
  • Aspergillus terreus
  • Chaetomium globusum
  • Penicillium chrysogenum
  • Rhizopus nigricans
  • Candida albicans
  • Penicillium variabile
  • Penicillium albicans
  • Cladosporium herbarum
  • Penicillium citrinum
  • Aureobasidium pullulans
  • Penicillium elegans
  • Fusarium nigrum
  • Penicillium funiculosum
  • Fusarium solani
  • Penicillium humicola
  • Gliocladium roseum
  • Penicillium notatum
  • Stachybotrys atra
  • Algae
  • Yeast
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae

4. Electrostatic

In this protocol we install Plasma generators which can reduce airborne biological contamination by up to 99.99%. The process can take several days/weeks depending on the size of the problem and some may react to electrostatic by products such as minimal ozone release. All efficacy and safety data is available.

5. Medically Sound air scrub

Firstly, I must emphasise “medically sound decontamination” is an industry coined phrase in the USA and it refers to fine particle cleaning which is required when treating CIRS patients.It is a practical solution of removing (NOT killing) mould spores, and hyphal fragments, all of which can cause CIRS and inflammatory response.Spores and fragments can float in the air for hours to weeks depending on size influenced by electromechanical forces such as Brownian motion. While heavier, less aerodynamic spores may settle out quickly, smaller fragments < 7 micron may remain airborne for weeks and re aerosolise by the smallest of movements such as opening a door or walking around. Chemical air scrubbing has been proven to be much more effective than mechanical air cleaning typically through HEPA air filters.

Chemical air cleaning No Access to property for 4 hours post treatment.

he Airscrub process by Building Forensics is a chemical process which causes particulates to fall from the air. Sodium Borate based chemical is fogged into the air at a size of droplet that will encompass target particles and cause them to coagulate. A second chemical is fogged into the air and this causes the particles to flocculate or precipitate, basically fall out of the air due to their additional size and weight.

This produces a sacrificial glycerine film on horizontal surfaces which locks the contamination onto surfaces, decaying after 3-4 days. This delay provides the client a period to remove the sacrificial film and with it the settled contamination.

The client role in decontamination

Most clients have medical issues with mould, but we encourage them to take part in the Airscrub process because they are more likely to complete an effective clean up after the Airscrub process has been misted. Because the process is simply removing a dry film by wiping wearing gloves this is not considered a high-risk factor. Of course, you can hire people to clean up but you may need to monitor them. Moisture sensitive contents (TVs -paintings etc ) should be covered or removed. The sacrificial film which will decay after 3 or 4 days. If the film is not removed within this window, the fallen spores and detritus may re aerosolise and it is imperative thorough cleaning is undertaken to prevent re contamination.

Building Forensics only undertake the misting of the Airscrub air cleaning product but do not undertake the cleaning and removal of fallen detritus (spores) as this is labour intensive.

Protection (polythene) may be laid by the client prior to the air scrub process, and this will reduce clean up time as it can simply be rolled up and disposed. It should be noted any contamination under the sheeting will not be removed or treated within the process but remember this is an air cleaning process.

We recommend wiping down with cheap SWIFFER cloths turning to open and fold the multi fold disposable swabs. This prevents cross contamination or spreading contaminates.

Swiffer cloths are available online and in major stores and are low-cost disposable paper wipes.

The cleaning must be meticulous with every square inch being cleaned. This may require dedicated or professional cleaners used to cleaning areas with monitored results.

DRY FOG Possibly the most economic and safest but least effective

6. Eco Safe (low cost)

This technique uses nature’s own super powerful and safest of all chemical decontamination protocols Hypochlorous Acid. It is almost chemically neutral and is used by hospitals for wound cleaning, skin treatment and is a recognised and accepted biocide with efficacy against moulds and yeasts. It recently gained international approval in controlling COVID and SARS and is produced in humans white blood cells to combat infection.

The process usually takes less than an hour in most homes.

Confirmed lab results

The product should show a >5 log reduction against S.aureus in the distribution test. The product when tested as above shall demonstrate at least a 5 log reduction in viable bacterial counts, 4 log reduction in viral titers, 4 log reduction in viable fungal/yeast counts and 4/3 log reduction in viable spore counts (human health/veterinary & food and industry). The test is deemed valid where all control requirements are met.

DRY Fogging

The production unit of Hypochlorous acid dry mist

Dry Fogging is not considered a professional treatment and only short terms results can be expected. The lowest cost of treatments it can be effective against some bacteria and moulds.

Confirmed lab results

The product should show a >5 log reduction against S.aureus in the distribution test. The product when tested as above shall demonstrate at least a 5 log reduction in viable bacterial counts, 4 log reduction in viral titers, 4 log reduction in viable fungal/yeast counts and 4/3 log reduction in viable spore counts (human health/veterinary & food and industry). The test is deemed valid where all control requirements are met.

7. Ozone treatment

The most dangerous of all our protocols and can only be used in detached homes or premises.This process uses one of nature’s strongest oxidisers O3. It is set up in the unoccupied property and one of two types of ozone is produced, Nitrogen free of very high levels of O3.These high levels of gas are distributed throughout over a period designed to chemically oxidise spores, fragments and of course bacteria.

8. Mycotoxins and residual cleaning

Testing for Mycotoxins in the homeMycotoxins can be dispersed from limited species of toxigenic moulds and be extremely difficult to identify or locate their source.Working with USA leading laboratories we have partnered them to focus on specific targets and indicators.People often consider mycotoxin testing after urine or blood tests confirm their presence

Removing Mycotoxins

While decontamination to remove toxigenic producers of mycotoxins is usually required, removal of mycotoxins may require more focussed attention. The chemical and mechanical properties of mycotoxins differ from mould spores and fragments and therefore require specific protocols for successful removal. The machine shown below was developed specifically for mycotoxin removal when used in controlled environments.

High level Risk Reduction and decontamination
In this protocol we decontaminate large areas following site specific surveys. This may require intrusive investigation and some soft demolition of surface finishes.

This equipment is part of a protocol built to remove mycotoxins form clothing and soft furnishings

9.Verified Decontamination (Risk Reduction)

All of our procedures are designed to fit with your budget and provide risk reduction of varying degree. Please be aware that risk reduction will revolve around how detailed our works are and of course cost will be a major driver. In all cases we recommend fine particle cleaning of air and surfaces as a final process.

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Failure in treatments of Inflammatory Response (CIRS)

Paper 1110 – September 2024 Written by Jeff Charlton

Chronic health conditions like CIRS (Chronic Inflammatory Response Syndrome) can be challenging to treat—especially when the root cause remains unidentified. This paper explores why treatments may fail, highlighting the critical role of environmental factors, particularly mycotoxin exposure from mould and bacteria.

Many treatment-resistant cases may be linked to undiagnosed environmental triggers that perpetuate inflammation and compromise immune, neurological, and detox pathways.

Could Your Child’s Environment Be Affecting Their Behaviour?

Paper 1102 – September 2024 Written by Jeff Charlton

Sudden OCD, tics, or behavioural changes in children may be linked to autoimmune conditions like PANS/PANDAS—often triggered by infections or environmental stressors such as mould or bacteria.

Building Forensics identifies often hidden and invisible environmental triggers, including mould, bacteria, and toxins that may worsen or trigger immune-related conditions. Our detailed assessments go beyond basic testing, helping families and healthcare professionals reduce risks and support recovery.

Cancer and Possible Links to Mould and Biological Triggers

Rev 2 – October 2024 Written by Jeff Charlton Building Forensics

This paper explores peer-reviewed evidence suggesting links between cancer and biological hazards, particularly toxigenic moulds often found in indoor environments. Moulds can produce harmful chemicals that disrupt the endocrine and central nervous systems and may increase the risk of certain cancers.

Although most studies focus on ingesting contaminated food, many biological and chemical contaminants can be inhaled or passed through the skin.

Mould and Inflammatory Response Linked to Alzheimer’s and ALS

Paper 101 – September 2024 Written by Jeff Charlton

Growing evidence suggests that mould exposure and its byproducts, such as mycotoxins, may contribute to neurological conditions like motor neuron disease (MND), including ALS, and possibly Alzheimer’s. These toxins can trigger inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune system disruption—factors linked to neurodegeneration.

While research is ongoing, some case studies and reviews highlight potential links between chronic mould exposure in water-damaged environments and neurological decline. Assessing possible triggers in your home as early as possible may be imperative.

Mould and Inflammatory Response Linked to Alzheimer’s and ALS

Paper 101 – September 2024 Written by Jeff Charlton

Growing evidence suggests that mould exposure and its byproducts, such as mycotoxins, may contribute to neurological conditions like motor neuron disease (MND), including ALS, and possibly Alzheimer’s. These toxins can trigger inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune system disruption—factors linked to neurodegeneration.

While research is ongoing, some case studies and reviews highlight potential links between chronic mould exposure in water-damaged environments and neurological decline. Assessing possible triggers in your home as early as possible may be imperative.